2013年7月31日 星期三

Place Emergency Lighting Properly for Safety

Why is the spacing and siting of emergency lighting so important?

UK fire safety legislation states that people in premises must be able to find their way to a place of total safety if there is a fire by using escape routes that have sufficient illumination.

The regulations, standards, and guidance on this issue are comprehensive and designed to ensure that each building’s particular needs are thoroughly examined and understood.

BS 5266, the code of practice for the emergency lighting of premises, offers guidance on the positioning of luminaires, minimum light levels, acceptable glare levels and minimum routine testing schedules. It states that, in open areas larger than 60 square metres, emergency lighting and signage should be installed.

Does BS 5266 provide all the information I need on this subject?

Not exactly. What it does do is provide a minimum standard that should be applied. It also gives guidance on specific hazards and points of emphasis that have to be accounted for.

The risk assessment that must be undertaken by a responsible person under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 should identify any specific areas that must be addressed. This includes making sure that the emergency lighting system is fit for purpose and is regularly tested and maintained.

It is important to bear in mind that there is no one-size-fits-all way of assessing the risk within a building. Buildings are all built differently and have specific uses. For instance, a hospital or home for the elderly will have different fire safety needs than an office.

What counts as a point of emphasis?

When designing an emergency lighting system covering escape routes, luminaires should be installed at points of emphasis -- mandatory locations that need to highlight specific hazards, safety equipment, and signs.

They should be installed at points of emphasis, such as areas near stairs, at changes of level, and near fire-fighting equipment and manual call points. Placement should occur at each change of direction, outside and close to each final exit, at first aid points, at exit doors, and near safety signs.

I’m about to install an emergency lighting system in a building that is used primarily by disabled people. Are there any particular requirements?

Any non-domestic building with more than one storey should provide a means of refuge for any person who cannot easily use fire escapes, lifts, and stairs. It is important to recognise that a disabled refuge should be illuminated to a higher level of illumination than normal escape routes.

Additional emergency lighting should be provided in toilet facilities and other similar areas exceeding 8 suqare metres floor area or with no borrowed light, and all toilets for the disabled.

What are the minimum lux levels that need to be achieved?

Achieving the correct lux level is a must. BS 5266 recommends a minimum of 1 lux in escape routes and 0.5 lux in open areas. Emergency lighting should also be positioned in such a way as to ensure that people are free from disability glare, which can prevent obstructions or signs from being properly seen.

There are also other areas identified in BS 5266 part 10 where higher levels of illumination are required. These include kitchens, first aid rooms, treatment rooms, plant rooms, reception areas, and crash bars at exit doors.

Once again, it is important to remember that these figures represent the minimum requirements, so in certain circumstances there may be a need for higher lux levels. This is something that should also be considered during the risk assessment.

2013年7月28日 星期日

Manufacturing economy

One of the hopes among Arizona leaders has been that in addition to putting solar on homes and building plants in the desert that sell power to utilities, the industry would open factories here that would provide long-term employment. So far, manufacturing jobs are limited to several small companies, with the large companies that the governor and Greater Phoenix Economic Council had worked to bring here faltering.

In 2009, GPEC lobbied aggressively in favor of a solar tax-incentive measure, Senate Bill 1403, which the Legislature passed and Brewer signed.

The bill provided a 10 percent investment tax credit and as much as an 80 percent property-tax cut for renewable-energy factories and headquarters. Arizona was competing with Oregon, New Mexico, Texas and other states offering similar incentives to the industry when the bill was approved.

What happened next was confounding. So many companies jumped into the market to manufacture panels that supply far outran demand and prices fell swiftly. The U.S. imposed tariffs on Chinese imports, hurting Suntech even more.

The prices for solar panels began dropping so rapidly that some of the weaker players in the industry were shaken out of the market and others scaled back. Global demand for solar systems also shifted from European countries that were building most of the world’s solar to less surefire markets such as the U.S., India and the Middle East. European markets such as Spain and Germany, having built out far more solar capacity than the U.S., began to cut the subsidies that helped solar compete with less-expensive power sources.

However, Arizona public officials such as Brewer continue to believe in the industry’s potential.

She recently applauded a Scottsdale solar startup called Monarch Power, and attended a ceremony at the Arlington Valley Solar II plant in May when it began delivering power to California.

“These are the jobs that get Arizonans back to work,” she said.

Leisa Brug, director of the Governor’s Office of Energy Policy, said the recent industry failures have not shaken Brewer’s belief that one day the industry will be more significant in Arizona.

“We are very encouraged,” Brug said. “These things are to be expected from any emerging market.”

She said the governor anticipated that some companies would stumble. “We didn’t know which things would happen or how,” Brug said. “There are growing pains that go on.”

She said Brewer sees promise in making Arizona’s universities a research and development center for solar in addition to manufacturing and power-plant construction.

“For us to be the solar capital of the world in real tangible terms, we have to be the innovators of it,” Brug said. “Where it is happening. Where it is discovered. Where the more efficient panels are created. That is the reason we are encouraged we can secure that title for the state.”

Those in the industry are adapting as well.

First Solar Chief Executive Jim Hughes, realizing that bringing more factories online isn’t the key to market leadership, told analysts earlier this year that First Solar was going to invest more in research to try to boost the amount of sunlight that its solar panels can convert into electricity.

Monarch Power was one of three companies that approached Goodyear about purchasing the Suntech facility, leasing equipment or hiring the workers, city officials said.

2013年7月24日 星期三

Create LED Light

In about an hour, you can create easy do it yourself LED lighting with cr2032 batteries. These lights strands can be used on bicycles, walkways, on costumes or just as decorations. Because they are dirt and water resistant, they can be used indoors or out.

There are two methods for attaching the LED bulbs to the wire. One requires trimming the LED leads short and the other does not. Trimmed LEDs will be pushed into the speaker wire from one side without going through. They will then be glued in place. LEDs that have been left long will go all the way through and then the excess lead will be wrapped around the wire insulation. This can also be glued for extra stability and water protection. The wrapping just insures maximum contact between the leads and the speaker wire.

The first LED can be placed directly into the end of the wire

. Each LED should have a flat spot on the negative side. Speaker wire is usually two colors. Make sure that the negative side lead is always placed in the same color wire as all the other negative leads. So if you put the first LED's negative lead into the silver side, then all other negative leads should also go into silver.

After the LED on the end, the bulbs should be placed at even intervals along the wire. At the first interval, use the awl to poke holes into the insulation for the leads to go through. If you trim the lead ends into sharp angles, it will help with this process. Place the leads into the speaker wire as described above.

Once you have placed all the bulbs, strip about an inch of insulation from the end of the speaker wire. Take your batteries and stack them together. With a small piece of duct tape, secure the wire you used for negative to the negative side of the battery stack and the other wire to the positive side. Place the stack inside one of the bottle caps. Run a thin bead of glue around the rim of the cap and fit the other bottle cap over it to make a waterproof housing for the batteries.

When the power runs out, the glue can be removed fairly easily so that the batteries can be replaced. If it does not pull free, it can be cut with a sharp blade.

*One CR2032 battery has an approximate 200 mAh capacity. So the number of bulbs and the mA per bulb will tell you how many batteries you will need and about how long the power should last. More information about the program is available on the web site at soli-lite.

2013年7月17日 星期三

BMW 135is Convertible

The 135is comes equipped with a 3.0 liter, BMW TwinPower Turbo inline six-cylinder, all-alloy engine featuring a twin-scroll turbocharger/intercooler, variable-valve control (Double-VANOS and Valvetronic) with a high-precision direct injection system and a larger radiator fan. The upgraded performance dual exhaust system gives out a mighty roar when you mash your foot on the throttle. For maximum acceleration and handling there is a ‘Sport’ button on the center console that will remap the engine computer for even quicker gear changes, lesson the amount of intrusion from the Dynamic Stability Control system and tighten the twin-tube gas-charged shocks for razor sharp handling ability. Furthermore, you can shut off the Dynamic Stability Control system by pushing a button on the dashboard. 

All of this power is channeled to the rear wheels through a 7-speed double-clutch transmission that gives smooth, lighting-quick gear changes by automatically shifting between two transmission structures. While one gear is disengaging, the next is already in position. The result is quicker acceleration and enhanced fuel efficiency. You can shift manually via steering wheel-mounted paddle shifters or by moving the leather-wrapped gear selector lever forward or backward. When not in the mood for crisp acceleration, you can always just keep the gear selector in Drive and let the computer do the work for you. 

Aluminum is found in the front forged lower arms, subframe, steering rack and brakes. The race bred fully independent suspension features a front aluminum double-pivot spring and strut type setup with anti-roll bar and twin-tube gas-charged shocks. Out the rear is a five link setup using lightweight,We have China Solar lantern products, reading lamps and floor lamps and more. high-strength steel, coil springs, stabilizer bar and twin-tube gas-charged shocks. 

The styling is pure BMW with front ‘eye brow’ design accent above the headlamp assembly with ‘Corona’ headlight rings. The Xenon Adaptive Headlights swivel to cast light around every curve. Up front there are wide and deep air-intakes: the signature BMW ‘blacked out’ twin-kidney grille channels air to the engine, down below the wide air-intake channels air to the intercooler, at the sides are air-intakes that channel air to the brakes cooling down the big six-piston calipers and 13.3 inch vented rotors, plus adding cooling air channels to the intercooler. The front underside features a spoiler and flat under panel to help better front airflow. 

The side view shows the short front and rear overhangs, a steeply raked windshield A-pillars, aerodynamic styled power-folding/heated/self-dimming side mirrors, flared fenders, sleek pull-out door handles and deep lower side extensions, flat trunk lid with an upturned rear spoiler at the end of the trunk lid. The rear shows L-shaped LED taillights, a sculpted rear bumper with dual, 3-inch wide polished stainless steel exhaust pipes gathered at the left.Solar energy and China torch light products are just plain smart. Down below is a diffuser to help better manage air flowing out from underneath. 

Standard safety systems onboard include driver/front passenger front airbags, dual-threshold, dual stage deployment and front passenger seat sensor, front-seat-mounted front side-impact airbags, LATCH system for child seats, programmable daytime running lights,We may contact you if more information is needed to locate a High Quality Solar panels products. 4-3-point safety belts with front pretensioners/load limiters, rollover protection system, front/rear crumple zones/interlocking door anchoring system to help protect against door intrusion in side impacts, crash sensor that activates Battery Safety Terminal disconnect of alternator, fuel pump, and starter from battery, automatically unlocks doors and turns on hazard and interior lights.

Wisconsin city testing legal waters on solar power

Can a Wisconsin city buy solar power from someone other than its electric utility? A Madison suburb may soon find out the answer. 

The Monona City Council discussed Monday what could be a first-of-its-kind solar project in Wisconsin. 

A private company would install solar arrays on four municipal buildings at no upfront cost to the city. The installer would then own and maintain the systems over the life of a contract and sell the renewable energy credits they earn to the city of Monona. 

“The city has committed to being an energy-independent community and increasing our use of renewables,This High Quality Street lighting provides reliability and low power consumption, as well as extremely bright lighting effects.” Monona project manager Janine Glaeser said, “and this looks like a good way to do that without the upfront capital costs.” 

One possible hitch: Wisconsin law is unclear about whether so called “third-party-owned” solar systems,Use our High Quality Solar systems products to replace traditional halogen and incandescent spot lights in track lighting. in which neither the customer nor their utility owns the panels, are legal in the state. 

It’s a high-stakes question for the state’s solar industry — and its regulated utilities, which could see a flood of new competition if the model is accepted and price trends continue. 

Third-party-owned solar accounted for more than half of new residential installations in the U.S. last year, and GTM Research forecasts that third-party-owned residential solar will be a $5.7 billion market by 2016. 

In states where third-party solar is specifically allowed, such as Arizona and Colorado, the arrangements have accounted for up to 90 percent of new installations, according to the Solar Energy Industries Association. 

At least 22 states specifically allow third-party-owned solar arrangements, according to the Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency (DSIRE). Another half-dozen states prohibit third-party-owned solar, and the law is unclear in the rest of the country. 

In Iowa, for example, Alliant Energy, along with other utility interests, took legal action to stop the city of Dubuque from buying solar power directly from a company that would own and manage panels on city buildings. Alliant has appealed a district court’s decision to the Iowa Supreme Court. 

The argument by Alliant is third-party solar firms that sell electricity to customers should be regulated as utilities, and that the Dubuque project would encroach on Alliant’s exclusive right to provide electricity to the city. 

The risk of protracted, expensive legal challenges from utilities has deterred third-party solar companies from setting up shop in Wisconsin, but the investor-owned utility that serves Monona has said it doesn’t intend to challenge the project. 

“That’s an agreement that the city of Monona has with that vendor, and that has nothing to do with us,” said Steve Kraus, a spokesman for Madison Gas & Electric.Energy efficient High Quality Solar street lighting strip kits bring an urban glow to your bar that looks incredible. “It isn’t anything special or different.” 

Wisconsin solar energy advocates, however, are closely following the Monona discussion and believe it could produce a model for advancing third-party-owned solar in the state. 

“This could be a breakthrough,” said Michael Vickerman, program and policy director for RENEW Wisconsin, a nonprofit that promotes renewable energy. “If the vote proceeds as we think — all indications are that the council will approve it — then we’ll have a template for how [others] can do this sort of thing.”

Progress Solar Powered Light Towers

The President stated that the government is open to all ideas to improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions. It is estimated that the Federal Government routinely operates thousands to tens of thousands of diesel light towers for lighting night-time operations worldwide. 

The Progress Solar Light Tower benefits include 1) elimination of noise, carbon emissions and toxic fumes from work-sites improving the environment; 2) energy security by eliminating dependence on fossil fuels; 3) a significant reduction in total life cost since the solar/wind light towers run 100% off free renewable energy and eliminates routine diesel engine maintenance; and 4) improves labor efficiency by eliminating fuel and maintenance trips as well as daily trips to manually turn the lights on/off.This High Quality Street lighting provides reliability and low power consumption, as well as extremely bright lighting effects.The Progress solar and wind powered light towers resemble traditional portable diesel light tower but are powered 100% by free, renewable energy to meet those challenging needs. 

The Progress Solar/Wind (TM) SLT(W)1200 series of portable light towers is the most powerful available today. They are made in the U.S. (patent pending) and routinely operate independent of diesel, gas or the electric grid eliminating the use of fossil fuels or generation of carbon emissions. The solar light towers are powered by two on-board, high capacity solar generators and a wind generator, backed up by a rapid AC charger, if ever needed. These units are designed for demanding applications that need to be operational for lighting-on-demand year round for long periods of time. The large battery banks store power for several nights of lighting (up to a 60 hour reserve) to allow use during cloudy days or inclement weather. 

The Progress Solar Light Tower is a rugged, mobile light system that provides high-intensity, bright white lighting on-demand,Energy efficient High Quality Solar street lighting strip kits bring an urban glow to your bar that looks incredible. where and when you need it. It is equipped with automated solar wings that can be optimally positioned toward the sun to maximize solar energy gain combined with a wind generator to add additional wind power at night and during inclement weather, a telescoping mast equipped with 4 solid-state LED flood lights with high lumen output; and a long-life Power Module with sealed, AGM, no maintenance, deep-cycle batteries to store energy for use when needed. 

The light tower is fully adjustable from 12-30ft in height, able to tilt up/down and the mast can be rotated as needed. The solid-state LED flood lights provide a tremendous amount of bright white light,Use our High Quality Solar systems products to replace traditional halogen and incandescent spot lights in track lighting. minimize power requirements, provide instant-on/off without flickering, are extremely reliable, vibration and shatter resistant, and designed to provide up to 5x-10x longer run time between bulb changes than high-intensity discharge lights. The maximum power point tracking solar/light control module optimizes solar gain and protects the system from over/under charging. The lights can be turned on/off automatically from a timer, at user-programmable time intervals or manually on-demand. The system is on a portable trailer customized for maximum functionality and convenience and can be easily towed to its destination.

2013年7月16日 星期二

Hall renovation completion

Renovations are scheduled to be finished on City Hall by mid-August.More information about the program is available on the web site at soli-lite. The project was originally scheduled to be finished in July, but there were some changes made that pushed the completion date back according to City Controller Randy Morris. 

“Of course like with any construction projects there were some setbacks on deliveries and some change orders,” Morris said. “As we got farther into the project, we decided we could make some improvements that would enhance not only the exterior, but some of the interior features.” 

One of the improvements to the interior will have upgraded electronics to make it more feasible for doing the broadcast recordings with enhanced lighting, he said. 

“Prior to the renovations our broadcasts were dark, dismal, fuzzy because of the way cameras work and the lighting capabilities,” Morris said. 

The staircase that is being constructed will reach the upper floors, but will be barricaded at the bottom of the stairwell to prevent people from entering the upper floors during non-business hours. 

“We are going to, of course, leave City Hall open for main access into the police department during all hours,” he said. 

There also will be glass doors that will allow people who are visiting City Hall to see into council chambers during meetings so they can see what is going on and what stage the meeting is at. 

“In the past, you had no way of knowing at what point the meeting was in; was it just gathering? Was it ending? You will be able to go by and see what’s going on,” Morris said. “Maybe catch the interest of folks as they are coming in to pay their wastewater utility bills or just in for permits or for whatever has brought them into City Hall for the day.” 

“Where there have been portable benches out in front of City Hall prior, there are going to be concrete benches that you can sit at the fountain and just have park-like seating at City Hall,” he said, adding the reasons for these additions were for people who may be walking downtown or those who had to drop someone off at City Hall and may want somewhere to sit while they are waiting.We can produce all kinds of China emergency light products even according to your own designs. “It should be noted that this area as well as the gazebo across the street are actually a Wi-Fi hotspot, so it gives people the ability to do any of their digital needs while they are here at City Hall. So it’s free access Wi-Fi.” 

The fountain is a zero-retention fountain, which means there will be no standing water. The water will shoot and dissipate into the grated area of the fountain. The fountain will also feature a sculpture in the middle and will be lit with LED lights at night. 

Morris said the cost of the exterior of the building was bid at $530,000 and the bid for the interior was bid out at $550,000.LED street lighting is the ideal solution for energy efficient Abuja solar street light due to their long life. He also said the budgeting for the renovations were in the 2012 and the 2013 budget. 

“We knew that we needed to make upgrades in the 2012 year,” Morris said. “However, with the new design and everything, we wanted to compliment the exterior design, and that’s why the funding was encumbered from 2012 and then 2013 for the lighting. 

“The building is almost 30 years old, and there has been relatively no changes, no upgrades, no changes in anything that has been done to this building in 30 years. And much like any homeowner, they want the curb appeal. The citizens of Kokomo deserve an upgraded City Hall. With all the development and all the beautification efforts going on in the downtown area, City Hall needed some upgrades.”

Recycling continues to expand in Central Plains

Tompkins took over the role of CEO of PDRI in March from Ferdi van Dongen and had seen its reach continue to grow since his arrival. 

“Portage Recycling is a private contractor and what we do is we contract with municipalities, such as the City and Rural Municipality of Portage, to offer them recycling collection and processing,” said Tompkins. “Everything we collect ends up being made back into new material.” 

For those in the city curb side collection is available while others are able to take their recyclables to depots where it is picked up and then sorted and processed from the Portage la Prairie plant. 

“Between our three sites Portage, Dauphin, and Virden we cover from the Saskatchewan border, to the North Dakota border, up to Lake Winnipegosis, and as far east as Portage. There is only a couple of places, Brandon being one of them,Soli-lite Solar-LED lighting Co., Ltd is the professional manufacturer specializing in all kinds of solar powered LED lighting products.Finding China High Quality solar bulb for outdoor applications such as your patio, yard or porch can be a challenge. we don’t service, but we service the rest,” said Tompkins. 

Since March PDRI has picked up a number of other communities to further expand its reach. 

“Since I came in on March 1 we’ve picked up seven or eight different communities in the area, and it represents probably a 20 per cent increase in volume of material we’re handling as a company,” said Tompkins. “The staff is pretty excited about the growth, they’re pretty excited about how busy we are, and they take their jobs all pretty seriously. They are a great group of folks and it is exciting to see the company continuing to grow.” 

Also, over the last number of years the industry has expanded to include recycling of products such as electronics, oil based and latex paints, batteries, and fluorescent lights. 

“We collect paint – both oil based and latex paint – and they are processed. The oil based paint is turned into a fuel which helps preserve natural resources, of course, and the latex paint is processed back into lower grade latex paint that is sold in developing countries to help those people afford to be able to buy paint. That’s a pretty cool thing to have,” said Tompkins. 

Both electronics and batteries are broken down into their basic components and the repurposed to make other products and batteries. 

“Florescent lights are great, they last forever, but for a long time there was nothing to do with them but throw them in the garbage. We now recycle those. The mercury is reclaimed and they are made into new lights,The unique elegance of modern floor lamps and High Quality indoor solar lighting could certainly transform your home into a place of beauty.” said Tompkins. 

This has now been expanded to not only happen in the Portage la Prairie plant but in PDRI’s other plants as well. 

“We just signed up our Virden and Dauphin facilities to collect paint and lights, they have never done that up there before. That’s going to start in the next couple of weeks so those parts of the province will be able to do that,” said Tompkins. 

For Tompkins the goal of Portage Recycling over the next couple of years is to educate individuals living in their existing markets about recycling rather than continuing to expand into more communities. 

“There aren’t a whole lot of different communities we can touch now that logistically make sense. But what we hope to do is educate those communities on here’s what you can recycle. If we take ‘x’ number of tonnes from the city of Portage today, let’s double that next year by getting more people involved, getting more people recycling,” said Tompkins. “Ultimately our goal is to keep product out of landfill and the more we can do that, the better we are.”